Identity And Overview

Ralstonia solanacearum: A Comprehensive Overview

Identity and Overview

Ralstonia solanacearum is a notorious soil-borne bacterium responsible for bacterial wilt (BW), a devastating disease that plagues solanaceous crops worldwide. This datasheet encompasses crucial information about R. solanacearum, including its identity, distribution, dispersal, hosts, and species.

Distribution and Dispersal

Global Prevalence

R. solanacearum has a global presence, affecting tropical and subtropical regions. It is particularly prevalent in Southeast Asia, Africa, and Central and South America.

Dispersal Mechanisms

The bacterium can spread through various means, including:

1. Infected plant materials and seeds
2. Contaminated soil and water
3. Human activities (e.g., agricultural practices, trade)

Hosts and Species

Susceptible Hosts

R. solanacearum exhibits a wide host range, primarily affecting members of the nightshade family (Solanaceae). Notable hosts include:

1. Tomato
2. Potato
3. Eggplant
4. Pepper

Species and Biovars

R. solanacearum is classified into five species and six biovars based on genetic and virulence traits. The most prevalent species, R. solanacearum species 1, is further divided into four distinct races (race 1, 2, 3, and 4) with varying pathogenicities.